Soulless Humanity in George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984) :: Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 Essays

Soulless Humanity in 1984    The year 1984 has since passed but George Orwell's prophetic vision of the future could still happen.   1984   portrays a society that has lost all trace of individuality, love, and critical thought.   George Orwell's "Negative Utopia" depicts the despair of the future of humans and also serves as a warning about fascism.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Orwell's sets the mood of the book as one of hopelessness for the future of humans.   He contrasts this mood with a popular philosophy: belief in the progress of humanity and the ability of people to institute peace and justice in the world.   These contrasting views set up the premise for the life of Winston Smith, who is one man caught in a society devoted to conformity.   Orwell's warning to this is that if people cannot change the way things are going, our society will lose their human qualities.   They will become soulless machines and not have a clue as to their new world they created.   This is the world in which Winston Smith is caught in.   He is different from the others and in a civilization which does not approve of individuality, Winston is targeted by the government from the beginning.   Being different in this populace only means rebellion and that exactly is what Winston sets out to do.   Winston believes that although he must conform on t he outside, that no one can take his individual thought away.   Winston's individuality is the only hope for human nature for he questions the most basic principles of the regime, a thoughcrime.   One doctrine Winston questions is the concept of freedom-    "How could you have a slogan like 'freedom is slavery' when the concept of freedom has been abolished?"    Winston goes on to say there will be an end to thought.   "Orthodoxy means not thinking..."   "Orthodoxy is unconscienceness."   Ã‚  Ã‚   The belief that humanity is progressing while they are really losing their individuality is actually halting human progress.   Every aspect of life is changing for the worse while people believe humans are advancing.   One example is Newspeak.   As Syme put it, "You don't grasp the beauty of the destruction of words."   The destruction of words is seen as progress while in actuality, it is another step in destroying individuals and creating a hopeless future.   Once this happens, Orwell warns, all hope is lost.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Currently, Winston lives in a world filled with the ravishes of war.

Successful companies

IntroductionE-commerce had brought much alteration in manner concern. It is enabled concerns to link with each other in new manner of thought in every country on commercialism. The turnover from usual concern to e-commerce has anticipated transcending far so expected by witness. Many companies presents utilizing e-commerce had been successfully gained more net income in their concern such as amazon.com, e-Bay and mudah.com. These companies have their ain characteristics that show them as the extremely rated successful companies. Most of these companies besides have good schemes in be aftering their concern that enables them to success.The Successful Companies through E-CommerceAmazon and E-bay is among company which allowed dealing electronically. There are the precursor in e-commerce that successfully success until today. Nowadays there are 5 most successful company utilizing e-commerce, Amazon, Dell, Staples, Office Depot and Hewlett Packard. Amazon.com ( 1994 ) is one of the most celebrated e-commerce companies and founded by Jeff Bezos. Today, Amazon offers everything from books and electronics to tennis rackets and diamond jewellery. Harmonizing to the research conducted, Amazon.com attracted about over 615 million clients every twelvemonth. The ability of online friendly web site by Amazon is one of the key of success for this company. Another company that been successfully in e-commerce is Dell Inc. Dell.com has made rapid paces, the company has achieved large net income in on-line gross revenues. The company ‘s effectual scheme of selling merchandises without retail has been admired by clients and many e-commerce traders imitate their scheme. Equally same as Amazon, Dell success cardinal factor is on-line friendly web site. Most of successful companies achieve success by holding their ain features and characteristics that led them. Effective schemes besides the cardinal factor the company ‘s success accomplishment.Features of Successful E-Commerce CompanyMany companies use e-commerce as one of the ways to derive net income. For each successful company, they have assorted characteristics that help them in e-commerce concern. The first characteristic is a clear vision and end. The company must cognize precisely what they want to accomplish in this concern. Second characteristic is dare taking deliberate hazard. The key to success is make bolding to take necessary hazard and considered investing as fuel of concern in e-commerce. Following is, successful sites employ good advisers. By holding adviser that can be trusted is indispensable. It is because company merely can derive if holding panels of experts that can rede in modulating scheme, tactic and spread out the concern. Another characteristic is successful sites can encompass engineering and alteration. Keeping abreast of developments online is the key in on-line selling, alteration in on-line manner and understand manner to read web analysis. The 5th characteristic is forbearance and a long-run position. The company invariably step if they are bit by bit acquiring to their end. More characteristics are a committedness to and uninterrupted betterment. The success company knew what they should make and ever do betterment. Last is, success company must believe that there is no short cuts to do net income. There is some e-business people want to derive million of net income but trusting it come by making nil. Success company knew that is incorrect. By keep focussing, difficult work, changeless betterment and committedness there are the existent manner to success in e-commerce concern.Strategic Moves That Led Companies to Success?Fine method and scheme can take companies to success. They are several ways that has been listed as strategic moves to take companies to success. First is Well-Positioned Online Brand. The companies must take the market able trade name name for their web site. A trade name name will pull clients to the company ‘s web site and can assist guarantee clients about the quality of the offering, the truth of the information, can advance client trueness and the security of the web minutess. Second, Online-Friendly Offerings. It is about the choice and diverseness of the company merchandise. The companies must make up one's mind what merchandises to offer on the web site. Another diverseness is offering clients the ability to obtain alone merchandise or information. The diverseness are of import because it allows clients to command the merchandise picks and at the same clip it can construct clients trueness. The 3rd move is Reliable Customers Service. It is to animating trueness among clients. For the company to success the client must swear the company and its web site. Trust can be built through confidence of privateness and dealing security and by supplying accurate information. As illustrations, many people purchase at Amazon.com instead than other web site because it can be trusted by clients. Last, Right Business Planning.It is to get support, nonfinancial resources and to obtain a realistic attack to the concern.Important Elementss in Implementing the SchemeThere are many elements that guide E-Commerce schemes to success. It is such as is to see full integrating, partial corporate integrating, and concern unit integrating all has positive facets as schemes for e-commerce and are feasible picks. Another component is companies must carefully organize new online services to heighten and protect their trade name. Following is, in implementing and explicating e-commerce scheme throughout company operations, it must include Multi-channel coordination as the cardinal success factor. More elements are successful e-commerce scheme must include particular attending to client service as it is core constituent of company scheme. A proper balance the usage of commoditized solutions and alone utilizations of e-commerce can assist company use effectivity. It is to derive competitory advantage in scheme.DecisionAs decision, e-commerce concern helps a batch trader to spread out their concern. Net income achieved go oning turning for companies those involve in this electronic dealing concern. It as we can see in achievement Amazon.com, E-bay and Mudah.com. More proud, now found many bargainers begin utilizing e-commerce as one of the ways promotes their goods. Most successful companies in e-commerce have steady characteristics that been a key to their success. This including the scheme that been used such as good concern program, online friendly web site, dependable clients services, committedness in pull offing concern, do betterment in services. With the right schemes, many traders can easy derive more net income and spread out their concern around the universe.

How Effective Islamic Mortgage Market In The Uk Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 855 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? When I was started to write a report on how effective Islamic mortgage market in the UK, I was surprised that I have a very few knowledge about this subject being as a Muslim. It happened to most of the Muslims as it was described before and most of the Muslims do not know about and even keep confidence to go for the Islamic Sharia complaint products. One of the main principles of Islamic finance is Musharakah, profit-loss-sharing implication where if the bank makes a loss then the customer also have to share the loss. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Effective Islamic Mortgage Market In The Uk Finance Essay" essay for you Create order The Islamic financial institutes should take initiation to spread the knowledge and faith to all over the community both Muslim and non-Muslim as it is not like a religious activity and it may bring benefit in their financial life. Currently Islamic Mortgage in UK is in the beginning level and in the growth situation as analysed in the previous chapters. Now Islamic banks in the UK act as financial intermediaries providing capital for home purchase, they are not dealing in properties. However, it is to be commended that conventional regulators, moving with times, are helping to create a level playing field for the Islamic finance industry. The UK financial regulatory body, the Financial Services Authority (FSA) has clearly mentioned that it is not favouring nor discriminating in regulating Islamic banks. Because of the different nature of contracts there are practical problems for Islamic banks. For this reason most of the Islamic banks use Sharia-compliant instruments such as murabaha, ijara and diminishing musharakah, but not Sharia-based like mudarabah and musharakah. It was discussed in the previous chapters that the Islamic mortgage market remains positive, with all the Islamic financial lenders expending their business to attract more and more customers. The Islamic Bank of Britain remains competitive despite a loss in the last financial year and continues to develop its product portfolio by introducing new product home purchase plan, recently expanding its market out of the Muslim majority cities into the Scottish market. But the average Islamic mortgage customers will still have to pay more money to buy a home comparatively with the conventional mortgage for a property value of 150000. According to Sharia making money from money is called Riba, such as charging the interest, is usury and therefore it is not permitted. In order to be in Islamic Sharia complaint the mark-up cost or the marginal cost should be reduced so that general customers can be relieved from extra monetary burden. Present situation indicates that many conventional bank who are involved in interest (riba) based business adapting and developing Islamic Sharia complaint products with a different window to attract a minority community Muslim which is a niche market or they can use the interest free fair trade and ethical finance to attract the all human being. As it was shown, the UK can provide the highest numbers Islamic financial education providers in the world. These could be helpful to the people as well as the employees of the Islamic mortgage lenders. Same type of Islamic mortgage product are marketing in different rates by the different lenders where as Islam is the same to all believers. Difference in accounting standards and financial reporting standards should be resolved to get the transparency about the financial transactions. Many of the Islamic and the conventional providers online service is not clearly presented, so most of the people do not get the accurate rate and the calculation of lending expenses of the properties. It will make many people interesting about the product by providing uniform information and database materials by the Government departments and the Islamic financial institutions of the UK. There is a proposal to set up a central Sharia supervisory board in the UK in order to combine all the Islamic fina ncial rules and instrument together. As the UK Islamic financial services industry is still very small compared to some other countries in the World, it would be more practical and cost effective for the Islamic financial institutions in UK to adopt the standards of the existing international standard setting bodies like Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB), Accounting and Auditing Organisation for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI), International Islamic Rating Agency (IIRA), International Islamic Financial Market (IIFM) and Liquidity Management Centre (LMC). Areas for Further Research In this paper, I have presented How effective Islamic mortgage market in the UK. The concept of Islamic mortgage, the growth, limitation of Islamic financial instruments and other relevant topics were discussed to get a conclusion. There are many other Islamic financial instruments and Islamic financial products like Sukuk (Bond) market which is another fastest growing Islamic product in the UK and another one is Takaful (Insurance) is not so much familiar with the general people of this country. There are some difficulties of Islamic finance to comply with the regulation, legal frame work, the financial reporting standards and audit assurance of this country and different parts of the World. So in near future extensive, exclusive research and in-depth analysis may be taken to adapt these principles with the Islamic finance.

Disenchantment with the Modern Age in Yeats No Second...

Disenchantment with the Modern Age in Yeats No Second Troy No Second Troy expresses Yeats most direct vision of Maud Gonne, the headstrong Irish nationalist he loved unrequitedly throughout his life. The poem deals with Yeats’ disenchantment with the modern age: blind to true beauty, unheroic, and unworthy of Maud Gonnes ancient nobility and heroism. The ignorant men, without courage equal to desire, personify Yeats’ assignment of blame for his failed attempts at obtaining Maud Gonnes love. The poets vision of his beloved as Helen of Troy externalizes his blame by exposing the modern ages lack of courage and inability to temper Maud Gonnes headstrong heroism and timeless beauty. Yeats wrote this poem in†¦show more content†¦Yeats writes in his Autobiography, I came to hate her politics, my one visible rival. After defining her politics as the teaching of most violent ways, he asks, What could she have done being what she is? Here, Gonnes political life is one of the external factors on which Yeats blames the failure of their relationship. The second half of the poem deals with the poets description of his beloved, establishing his vision of her as Helen of Troy. The poems title answers its final question, Was there another Troy for her to burn? Clearly, a connection can be made between Troy, burned at war over Helens beauty, and Ireland, under the increasing threat of war with England. Yeats disapproves of Maud Gonnes provocation of England, realizing that hurling the little streets upon the great would end in tragedy. Alasdair D.F. Macrae makes an important point about the poems reference to Troy: The poems title provides an answer to [the] questions in that, without another Troy against which [Maud Gonne] can use her destructive power, Yeats himself becomes the thing to be destroyed. The idea of Yeats personalizing the reference to Troy makes sense in that the heart of the poem deals with the assignment of blame. In an attempt to externalize his feelings of failure in regards to his relationship with Maud Gonne, Yeats himself becomes the victim. It is not he, but the unheroic modern age

This Course Has Provided Insight Into ChildrenS Lived

This course has provided insight into children s lived experiences. The importance of learning from and about young people has been explored. Conducting research allows one to further investigate an area of interest. The researcher is able to get a better understanding of a certain topic and learn from others experiences. The purpose of my research is to understand how photography provides insight into young peoples experiences of community and schooling in India. Throughout this course photograph has been explored demonstrating that images can provide a lens into ones life. Photography has also been a passion of mine, as I enjoy taking photographs especially on trips. Photographs capture a specific moment in time and freeze it as if the†¦show more content†¦The first being the article in which the photograph was found. The title of the article itself intrigued me as it states there is a problem within the educational system in India. This is clearly something I wanted to le arn more about. Secondly, the photograph touched me on a more personal level. During my visit to India this past December, I visited a school. This image took me right back there as I recalled seeing students completing work and artwork hanging on the walls. Moreover, the three young boys in the photograph reminded me of my father. In particular the colour of their uniform immediately stood out to me, as I had seen that before. It was the same colour that my father and uncles donned years ago when they attended school. Once I laid eyes on this photograph it stood out to me and in a way I think I knew I had to conduct my research around it.. Before I began my research I really did not know much about the role of photography in providing insight into young peoples experiences of community and schooling in India. I only had my own experiences of attending school in Canada and a little knowledge of my parents. I had visited photo exhibits in the past and had seen images of young people in school and communities but this was just through a quick glance in a museum. I never got the chance to further explore this and learn more about the photographs and what they entailed.Throughout the course I had learned about photography and aboutShow MoreRelated Laurence Yep Essay2027 Words   |  9 Pagescharacters based on his own experiences. Yep’s most famous work is Dragonwings. It has won several awards, including the Newbery Honor for 1976, the International Reading Association’s Children’s Book Award for 1976, and the American Library Association’s Notable Children’s Book Award for 1975 (Johnson-Feelings 353). The story starts at the turn of the century when Moon Shadow moves to America to live with his father who he has never met. 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Clarence Darrow free essay sample

A look at Clarence Darrow, the famous lawyers life and contributions. This paper looks at the life of Clarence Darrow, famous defense lawyer in the 20th century. The author examines the lawyers accomplishments and contributions to the world of law and society in general. The author examines some of his ideals such as his approach to capital punishment. Anyone who knows anything about the history of the law in the United States knows about Clarence Darrow, who was one of the most famous defense lawyers of the later 19th and early 20th centuries. While he probably remains most famous for his work in what has come to be known as the Scopes Monkey Trial, he was involved in scores of cases, including the defense of Leopold and Loeb and Eugene V. Debs. This paper examines the accomplishments and contributions of a man who was always part showman along with part lawyer, as well as a great public speaker and debater. We will write a custom essay sample on Clarence Darrow or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A staunch opponent of capital punishment, he was perhaps at his most impressive in the courtroom when pleading capital cases: of the more than 100 persons charged with murder none was ever sentenced to death.

Strategic Management Corporate Finance

Question: Write a 2,500-word report critically analysing how the strategy of merger and acquisition has been used in the energy sector during the oil price drop of 2014 to 2016. The report should include the application of two appropriate academic models. One academic model should focus on internal and external factors. The other model used in the report should focus on strategy. You should also consider the following when carrying out your research: The report should include appropriate energy examples of merger and acquisition deals during the oil price drop of 2014 to 2016, and should critically analyse the challenges and benefits of merger and acquisition as a strategy within the energy sector. The report should not analyse any ongoing merger or acquisition deals. Answer: Introduction During the period of 2014 to 2016, the energy sector suffered due to the drop in the oil price. In order to achieve a balance between the short term viability and also to maintain their long term goals and investments, most of the organizations in the energy sector opt for the strategy of merger and acquisition (Taillard 2013). It has been found that the drop in the oil price has impacted the profits as well as the spending of the firms on their projects. Thus, various companies of the energy sector implemented various strategies in order to stabilize or to improve their financial position by either earning access to resources, technology or new markets. It has been noted that most of the organizations in the energy sector implement the merger and acquisition strategy in order to maintain their financial position in the highly competitive market. In this report, two academic models of merger and acquisition have been discussed firstly, strategic management model of merger and acquis ition in order to focus on strategy and policies of a firm. Secondly, the report focuses on risk management model of merger and acquisition that highlights the both external and internal factors of an organization (Shimizu 2012). Merger and acquisition The terminologies Merger and Acquisition are generally referred as MAs and these are considered as the most important part of the corporate restructuring. Merger is defined as a combination of two organizations that creates a new company. On the other hand, acquisition is defined as the purchase of one firm by another, where no new firm is formed. It has been found that merger and acquisition involve various transactions. These include acquisitions, mergers, tender offers, consolidations, management acquisitions and purchase of assets (Ross, Westerfield and Jordan 2014). In every case of merger and acquisition, two firms are involved, where the acquiring company offers another company to buy its entire assets or to acquire some of its assets. The basic concept of merger and acquisition is the consolidation of two firms, where by acquiring the assets of another company or by merging two companies; the management of the particular firm intends to earn synergy over the present financia l condition of the firms individually. Therefore, the concept and the understandability of both mergers and acquisitions are considered as an important factor, especially in todays world (Ross, Westerfield and Jordan 2013). It has been noted that in some of the particular sectors, the probability of occurring merger and acquisition is relatively more than other sectors. These include telecommunications, chemicals, oil, IT, pharmaceuticals and finance. Merger generally takes place between those two companies which are equal in stature and in size along with their cooperation (Ross 2012). Therefore, merger is also known as merger of equals. On the contrary, it can be said that in case of acquisitions, one firm purchases another, especially the smaller organizations such that they get absorbed within the parent company. the company that is being acquired by another is termed as target company. Implementation of strategic model Strategic Management: Merger and Acquisition At initial level, it has been noted that the mergers and acquisitions were simply the financial transactions that aims to control the target and the undervalued assets of an industry that is much different from the core business of the acquirer. Here, the main aim was to make the cash flows sufficient for the debt repayment. However, as per Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson (2013), the concept of mergers and acquisitions are totally different in recent days. Thus, during the period of 2014 to 2016, most of the companies in the energy sector opt for the implementation of the merger and acquisition strategy. The reason behind this is that in present days, the typical merger and acquisition of the companies are considered as an operational and strategic in nature. The strategy that has been implemented during the merger and acquisition of energy companies in the time period 2014 2016 includes different perceptions of the managers. According to Lynch (2012), during the period of oil price dro p, the managers do not justify the action of merger and acquisition as a mere purchase of undervalued assets. Rather, it has been found that the managers of the energy sector consider this activity of merger and acquisition as purchasing of installed customer bases, greater geographical boundaries, better distribution channels, a variety of new talent and organizational competencies. Therefore, it has been found that during the period of oil price drop, most of the companies in energy sector undergo merger and acquisition in order to maintain their profit percentage and long term investment (Raimbault and Barr 2012). All of the acquired factors thus in turn offer much strategic opportunities to the firms such that the organizations in the energy sector can gain an edge over the products and services of the competitors. Thus, it has been found that the organizations of the energy sector are still running successfully in this competitive market even during and after the oil price drop in the year 2014 to 2016. Opined to Olivas-Lujan and Bondarouk (2013), the strategic planning has been emphasized by the firms as a vital instrument that leads to the success of the business. As per Lasserre (2012), many studies have been conducted in this regard and the outcome of these studies reveals that hardly ever the managers had any strategic rationale for the activities of merger and acquisition. In addition to this, the managers had seldom any idea regarding the impact of these activities that might have on the organizations of the energy sector in the upcoming periods. Nevertheless, the managers of the organizations have recently changed their emphasis from saving cost to using the concept of merger and acquisition as a strategic driver for the growth in the corporations. There are various reasons regarding mergers and acquisitions to be justified. The companies under the energy sector that have undertaken such deals of merger and acquisition can either be a complete failure or can be a gain from them. Therefore, the alignment of the strategic plans of the organizations with their plans regarding merger and acquisition is considered as an important factor (Pitt and Koufopoulos 2012). The reason behind this is that this alignment of the strategic plans with the plans of merger and acquisition of an organization can only make the activity of merger and acquisition of the firm effective and successful. This can be done by the help of an effective instrument i.e. due diligence which involves the screening of all the acquisition targets and the potential mergers. Implementation of Risk management model The risk management model is the most suitable one that helps the organizations of the energy sector to focus on internal as well as external factors in order to analyze the process by which the strategy of merger and acquisition is used in the energy sector. It has been found that during the period of 2014 to 2016 i.e. during the period of oil price drop; this particular risk management model has been applied and implemented to better understand the strategy of merger and acquisition within the energy sector. The merger and acquisition risk management model has been proposed for considering the risk factors that are present within the activities of merger and acquisition. The objective of this model is to maximize the scope of success in the activities of merger and acquisition by reducing and managing the related risks. According to Oskooe (2012), there are various types of theories and models within the risk management model of merger and acquisition. However, the primary approach of the merger and acquisition risk management model is composed of two steps. These include firstly, risk identification of the organization with the help of fish bone method and secondly, risk quantification with the help of Fuzzy-AHP method. It has been found that most of the organizations in the energy sector use the merger and acquisition risk management model in order to identify as well as manage the risks due to the process of merger and acquisition (Parrino, Kidwell and Bates 2014). It also helps to maximize the profitability of the particular firms. As per the model, the first step is to identify the associated risks based on internal and external factors of the organizations of energy sector. The fishbone diagram helps to identify various possible causes for each problem (Parrino, Kidwell and Bates 2012). Additionally, this structure can also be used for arranging a session of brainstorming and also to sort ideas into useful categories immediately. Therefore, it can be s aid that for the organizations of the energy sector, the fishbone diagram acts as a tool that analyzes the process of dispersion. Figure 1: General structure of Fishbone Diagram (Source: Parrino, Kidwell and Bates 2012) On the other hand, most of the organizations of energy sector adopt the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the merger and acquisition risk management model in order to quantify the risk factors that have been identified. This model acts as a useful and powerful tool for systematic analysis that ranks the relative factors and also indicates its importance. This AHP helps to link between the qualitative and quantitative methods and it also helps to solve the problems of the organization of the energy sector regarding its decision making (Parnell 2014). Therefore, it can be said that the implementation of this risk management model to the organizations of the energy sector will help to resolve all the complex problems by implementing the right strategies based on the internal and external factors of the firm. Examples of merger and acquisition in energy sector During the period of 2014 2016, many organizations under the energy sector have undergone the activities of merger and acquisition, the reason behind this being the oil price drop. However, it has been found that most of the mergers and acquisitions have provided positive results contrary to what was expected. For example INEOS has successfully acquired the U.K. North Sea Gas Fields from Deutsche Erdoel AG, Schlumbergerhas successfully acquired Fluid Inclusion Technologies Inc. and NuEnergy Gas Ltd has also acquired Dart Energy (Indonesia) Holdings Pte Ltd successfully (Ogfj.com 2016). Additionally, it has been found that Ameresco has successfully acquired all the assets of U.K. Energy Services Provider Energyexcel LLP during the period of oil price drop (Ameresco.com 2016). Moreover, the organization Camin Cargo Control Inc has also acquired Quantum Control Services during this period (Ogfj.com 2016). Therefore, from all these examples it can be said that merger and acquisition pl ay a vital role in the organizations of energy sector during the period of oil price drop. Benefits of merger and acquisition in energy sector It has been found that there are various advantages regarding the implementation of the activities merger and acquisition within an organization, especially in the energy sector. Some of the advantages of merger and acquisition are as follows: Firstly, the mergers and acquisitions help to pave the ways for the organizations in the energy sector to enter into the new markets. This activity also helps the organizations in the energy sector to add new product lines to the existing one of the firm (David 2013). Additionally, it also helps the firm to increase its distribution channel or distribution reach as this activity of merger and acquisition helps to gain a core competence to do more combinations. Secondly, the implementation of merger and acquisition to the firms of the energy sector help the management to enhance or increase the value of its shareholders. Thirdly, the value of the shareholders of an organization can be enhanced by implementing the activities of merger and acquisition by reducing the costs that are obtained due to the combination of operations, departments and trimming the employees of the firm (Brealey, Myers and Marcus 2012). Therefore, this reduction in cost in turn leads to the increase in the profitability amount of the firms in the energy sector. Fourthly, the implementation of merger and acquisition activities within the organizations of energy sector helps to increase the revenue of the firm by the process of the absorption of a major competitor. This in turn increases the market share of the organizations in the energy sector. Fifthly, the implementation of the merger and acquisition leads to the cross-selling of the services and products provided or served by the organizations of the energy sector. Sixthly, it has also been found that the savings of tax can also be obtained by the organizations of the energy sector, especially when a highly profitable organization gets merged with or takes over a money-loser company. Seventhly, the implementation of the activities merger and acquisition lead to diversification that can also stabilize the earnings of the organizations of the energy sector and can also boost up the confidence level of the investors of the firms (Berk, DeMarzo and Harford 2012). Eighthly, it has been found that some of the mergers and acquisitions take place within an organization of the energy sector, especially when the management of a business distinguishes the requirement of altering the identity of the corporate. Ninthly, the activities of merger and acquisition also help to reduce the risk of an organization or it can also be said that these activities also help to spread the risk among other organizations of the energy sector, such that it can be handled well. Tenthly, the acquisitions of the organizations under the energy sector are considered to achieve the horizontal and vertical operational synergies. These synergies signify that the entire one is greater than the different parts. Lastly, it has also been found that some of the activities of merger and acquisition occur due to the market dominance and also to reach the economies of scale. This helps the organizations of the energy sector to run profitably. Challenges of merger and acquisition in energy sector It has been found that there are several advantages of the implementation of merger and acquisition. However, close analysis indicates that there are also some challenges regarding implementation of merger and acquisition within the organizations of the energy sector. These include communication challenges, cultural challenges, employee retention challenges, flawed intentions, obstacles to making it work, accessing the corporate cultures, differences, legal and issues (Berk 2013). Recommendation On the basis of the above analysis it can be recommended that the steps taken by the firms to merge at the time of crisis is best suited to the situation and should be applied henceforth too. The past method of viewing mergers as scaling down competition at times of need has now changed. There is an improved perception among the managements that such a step would in fact help in mitigating the situation by improving customer sales, cutting down costs and by going beyond logistical or geographical boundaries. Such a step would surely benefit a firm to return to a much better position once the crisis is over, and as such is highly recommended. Conclusion Therefore, it can be rightly concluded on the basis of the above analysis and observations that mergers have resulted in firms mitigating untoward crises like a sudden and prolonged drop in oil prices, contrary to the belief that it would only aid in reducing competition. The various models like strategic and risk mitigation, to name a few, have further strengthened the notion that mergers have helped in the past and if conducted judiciously would benefit in the future too. Since risk factors like drop in prices or change in demand patterns are unpredictable, such actions should be planned in advance so that the firm itself does not collapse. 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